IB Chemistry — Organic Chemistry

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Lesson Slideshow Section 01

📥 Download SL Topic 10 Organic Chemistry.pptx

✍️ Guided Notes — Student Handout PDF

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Unit Summary Section 02

Key Concepts

Homologous Series, Functional Groups, IUPAC Nomenclature, Isomerism, SN1/SN2 Mechanisms

Learning Objectives

Master the structure, nomenclature, and electron-sharing mechanisms of complex organic molecules.

Prior Knowledge Needed

Covalent bonding, molecular geometry, hybridization (S2.1, S2.4)

IB Syllabus Reference

S2.5, R3.2

Interactive Study Guide

Click here to view the full, detailed topic summary for this unit.

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Video Lesson Section 03

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Video Instruction

5 Lessons Available

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Isomers

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Organic Chem Nomenclature

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Organic Reaction Mechanisms

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Organic Reactions

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Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds

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Practice Quiz Section 04 · Interactive

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Vocabulary Review Section 05

structural isomer

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.

primary carbon atom

a carbon atom in an organic molecule that is directly bonded to one other carbon atom

secondary carbon atom

a carbon atom in an organic molecule that is directly bonded to two other carbon atoms

tertiary carbon atom

a carbon atom in an organic molecule that is directly bonded to three other carbon atoms

primary amine

An amine where the nitrogen atom is attached to one alkyl chain

secondary amine

An amine where the nitrogen atom is attached to two alkyl chains

An amine in which the central nitrogen atom is connected to 3 carbon atoms.

aromatic organic compound

An organic compound where some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a delocalised ring structure such as a benzene ring

aliphatic organic compound

An organic compound where carbon atoms are joined together in straight or branched chains or non-aromatic rings

benzene

Consists of a ring of six carbon atoms with delocalized electrons, resulting in an average bond order of 1.5

Kekule structure

A classical structural formula for an aromatic compound (first proposed structure of benzene), showing localized double bonds.

a measure of how readily a substance vaporizes; decreases with increasing hydrocarbon chain length and strength of intermolecular forces between organic compounds

inorganic

Not formed from living things or the remains of living things; can contain carbon (e.g. carbon oxides and carbonates).

organic compound

a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides

catenation

the covalent bonding of carbon to itself to form chains or rings

hydrocarbon

An organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.

saturated

hydrocarbons containing only single bonds

unsaturated

hydrocarbons containing double or triple carbon-carbon bonds

functional group

group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other molecules

alkane

a hydrocarbon containing only single covalent bonds

alkene

C=C

alkyne

carbon-carbon triple bond

alcohol

R-OH; contains hydroxyl functional group

R-O-R

aldehyde

An organic molecule with a carbonyl group covalently bonded to a hydrogen

ketone

R-C=O-R

carboxylic acid

R-COOH

ester

RCOOR

amide

amine covalently bonded to a carbonyl group; functional group is called carboxyamide

R-NH2

nitrile

carbon triple bonded to nitrogen

arene

aromatic ring; contains phenyl functional group

structural formula

a chemical formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule or a polyatomic ion; each dash between a pair of atoms indicates a pair of shared electrons